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Three Huan
The Three Huan () refers to three noble clans, all descendants of Duke Huan of Lu, in the State of Lu, which dominated the government affairs, displacing the power of the dukes, for nearly three centuries during the Spring and Autumn period. They are the Jisun (季孫) or Ji, Mengsun (孟孫) or Meng, and Shusun (叔孫) clans.
==Etymology==
The characters Meng, Zhong, Shu and Ji are originally ordinals used in male courtesy names to indicate a man's rank among his fathers sons. The eldest son would be Meng-''something'' (or Bo-''something''), the second Zhong-''something'', the third Shu-''something'' and the fourth Ji-''something''. For instance Confucius' courtesy name was Zhongni: "second son Hill".
As the power of the Three Huan became hereditary, the descendants of Duke Zhuang's brothers used the ordinal numbers as family names to distinguish their branches of the House of Ji. The eldest of the three was originally called Zhong since Duke Zhuang, as the eldest son, would have been "Meng"/Bo, but it was eventually changed to "Meng".
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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